IRENA国际可再生能源署：2025年可再生能源拍卖报告

Core Insights - The report by IRENA focuses on the design of renewable energy auctions, emphasizing risk allocation strategies to optimize outcomes for emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs) [1][2] - Auctions are projected to drive nearly 60% of global installed capacity growth from 2025 to 2030, highlighting their significance in renewable energy deployment [1][29] - The report identifies a common risk transfer model where risks are shifted from private developers to governments and off-takers, which can lead to short-term benefits but may impose long-term fiscal pressures [1][30][31] Risk Types and Allocation - The report categorizes risks into national-level risks (political, policy, currency) and project-level risks (resource, construction, site preparation), which can impact project performance at various stages [1][61] - It emphasizes the need for a balanced auction design that considers both competitive pricing and the sustainability of public finances, aiming to match risk with the capacity of stakeholders to manage it [2][41][44] Auction Design Framework - A multi-dimensional optimization framework is proposed for auction design, which includes setting appropriate auction volumes and frequencies, defining site and technology specifications, and establishing qualification criteria [2][39] - The report advocates for a flexible approach to auction design that adapts to the macroeconomic context and policy goals of each country, rather than a one-size-fits-all model [2][38][41] Long-term Sustainability - The report stresses that while current auction designs may attract investment, they could hinder the development of local supply chains and sustainable energy capabilities in EMDEs [1][33][45] - It calls for a shift in focus from merely achieving low prices to fostering local value creation and ensuring that renewable energy serves as a catalyst for sustainable socio-economic development [1][36][52]