从“购岛”梦到关税威胁：格陵兰岛为何成美国“必争之地”？

Core Insights - The U.S. has escalated its interest in Greenland, warning countries that do not support its acquisition plans of potential tariffs, highlighting the strategic importance of Greenland's mineral resources [1] Group 1: Current Situation - Greenland, an autonomous territory of Denmark, has a population of approximately 57,000 and faces significant development challenges due to reliance on Danish funding and weak infrastructure [3] - The local government has expressed the need for investment from traditional Western capital or alternative partners to address economic transformation pressures [3] Group 2: Resource Wealth - Greenland is rich in mineral resources, with 25 out of 34 critical minerals identified by the EU confirmed on the island, including significant rare earth elements essential for electric vehicles and defense industries [4] - The island's rare earth reserves are among the largest globally, with the Tamires rare earth mine recognized as one of the world's largest deposits [4][5] Group 3: Mining Challenges - Despite its resource wealth, Greenland faces multiple challenges in mining development, including extreme cold temperatures, high environmental standards, and community opposition [6] - The lack of adequate infrastructure, such as ports and roads, further complicates large-scale mining operations, necessitating substantial investment [6] Group 4: Geopolitical Dynamics - The U.S. has positioned Greenland as a focal point in its geopolitical strategy, emphasizing its importance for national security and potential military control [7] - Denmark's defense response to U.S. military actions regarding Greenland indicates a complex and contradictory relationship within NATO [7] Group 5: Chinese Interests - Greenland has become a point of contention in U.S.-China relations, with the U.S. perceiving Chinese activities in the Arctic as a threat [8] - Denmark has explicitly prohibited Chinese investments in Greenland, citing security concerns, while U.S. diplomatic pressure has hindered Chinese access to key mineral resources [8]