聚和材料赴港IPO背后：盈利下滑，宣称“全球第一”已名不副实

Core Viewpoint - The company Juhe Materials is initiating an "A+H" dual capital platform strategy by applying for a listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, aiming to raise funds for production facilities, R&D, strategic investments, and general corporate purposes [1] Group 1: Business Overview - Juhe Materials is a research-driven advanced materials company specializing in the synthesis, formulation design, manufacturing processes, analysis, and application development of inorganic and organic materials [1] - The company's core business focuses on developing and manufacturing photovoltaic conductive paste products suitable for various solar cell structures, including TOPCon, PERC, and HJT cells [2] - The majority of Juhe Materials' revenue comes from photovoltaic conductive paste, accounting for 99.7%, 99.4%, and 99.4% during the reporting periods of 2023, 2024, and the first three quarters of 2025, respectively [2] Group 2: Market Position and Competition - As of the first three quarters of 2025, Juhe Materials ranked first in global sales revenue of photovoltaic conductive paste, but its market share is threatened by competitors, particularly after a merger between its second and third-ranked competitors, which will increase their combined market share to 33.4% [1] - The company has a high customer concentration, with revenue from the top five customers accounting for 56.2%, 53.9%, and 58.3% during the reporting periods, indicating a reliance on a few large photovoltaic cell manufacturers [4] Group 3: Financial Performance - Juhe Materials reported revenues of 10.23 billion, 12.39 billion, and 10.607 billion during the reporting periods, with profits of 441 million, 410 million, and 234 million, showing a decline in profit despite revenue growth [3] - The company has experienced negative net cash flow from operating activities, totaling over 7 billion, indicating significant financial strain [3] - The capital liability ratio increased from 34.4% in 2023 to 58.5% in the first three quarters of 2025, reflecting rising debt levels due to reliance on external financing [3] Group 4: R&D and Strategic Plans - Despite being a research-driven company, Juhe Materials' R&D expense ratio has decreased from 2.9% in 2023 to 1.8% in the first nine months of 2025, raising concerns about its commitment to innovation [6] - The company plans to acquire SKE's blank mask business to further penetrate the semiconductor materials sector, indicating a strategic expansion beyond its core photovoltaic business [2]