推广疫苗接种、关注重点人群 世卫组织呼吁全方位应对全球流感挑战

Core Insights - The World Health Organization (WHO) reports a severe global influenza virus transmission situation, with a significant rise in respiratory symptom consultations and hospitalizations across multiple countries from January 10 to 16 [1] - The dominant strain currently is the H3N2 subtype, specifically the K sub-branch, which has spread to over 30 countries since its discovery in Oceania in August 2022, accounting for over 90% of cases in Europe, the US, and East Asia [2] Group 1: Current Situation - In Europe, countries like Ireland, the UK, and Serbia report high levels of influenza activity, with over half of symptomatic patients testing positive, and 90% of confirmed cases being K sub-branch infections [3] - The UK saw a record high of 3,140 flu cases hospitalized in the second week of January, an 18% increase from the previous week, with hospital bed occupancy rates exceeding 90% [3] - The US has reported over 18 million flu cases and 230,000 hospitalizations this season, with 9,300 deaths, and over 90% of circulating strains being the K sub-branch [3] Group 2: Regional Responses - In Asia, Japan reports that 96% of flu cases are the K sub-branch, with over 190,000 new cases since December, prompting school closures and heightened alerts [4] - South Korea has raised its flu alert level to "high," and experts warn of potentially the most severe flu season since 2016 if the trend continues [4] - Indonesia has reported 63 confirmed cases of the K sub-branch, with the situation currently under control [4] Group 3: Vaccination and Prevention - Vaccination remains the most effective means of preventing influenza, with the WHO emphasizing the importance of targeting high-risk populations for vaccination [5] - Current vaccines show a good match against the K sub-branch, with efficacy rates of approximately 75% for severe cases in children and 30-40% for adults [5] - The WHO highlights the need for improved vaccine accessibility in developing countries, with recent donations of 4 million doses to low-income nations [8] Group 4: Global Coordination - The WHO calls for enhanced data sharing, experience exchange, and mutual support among countries to combat influenza effectively [9] - The organization stresses the importance of maintaining good hygiene practices and the need for public education on distinguishing flu from common colds [7] - The WHO's pandemic agreement aims to ensure equitable access to vaccines and treatments, emphasizing the need for preparedness and resource planning [9]