从新石器时代到北朝晚期 陕西六大考古发现串起中华文明“无字史书”

Core Insights - Recent archaeological discoveries in Shaanxi province highlight significant findings from six sites, showcasing the region's rich historical and cultural heritage spanning from the Neolithic era to the late Northern Dynasties [1] Group 1: Jiangjia Site - The Jiangjia site in Weinan revealed a large settlement from the Yangshao culture, featuring over 1,100 relics, including a unique ceramic human face sculpture that may represent cross-regional cultural exchanges [2][4] - Evidence of cultural integration is noted, with artifacts showing influences from the Yangtze River basin and other regions, indicating a vibrant cultural interaction during prehistoric times [6] Group 2: Luojiahe Site - The Luojiahe site in Xianyang uncovered a remarkable "granary" dating back 4,800 years, with 17 storage pits capable of holding approximately 300 tons of millet, reflecting advanced management practices [7][9] - The variety of stored grains and storage methods, along with a specialized cooking device, suggest a highly organized society focused on grain management, indicating social stratification [11][13] Group 3: Liangluping Site - The Liangluping site in Baoji, located at a crucial junction of the ancient Shu Road, yielded artifacts such as bronze helmets and copper tripods, suggesting its role as a cultural and economic corridor during the Warring States period [14][16] Group 4: Afang Palace Site - Recent findings at the Afang Palace site reveal that the palace's massive earthen foundation was built on marshy land, providing insights into ancient construction techniques and the scale of imperial projects [17] Group 5: Tongwan City Site - The Tongwan City site in Yulin showcased a unique interlocking rammed earth construction technique, enhancing the city's structural integrity, along with distinctive architectural materials from the "Daxia" period [18][20][22] Group 6: Northern Zhou Chengfu Tomb - The Chengfu tomb in Xi'an displayed a blend of Sogdian and Han burial customs, with luxurious craftsmanship that reflects the cultural fusion during the evolution of the Huaxia civilization [23][25] - The presence of ceramic figurines from the defeated Northern Qi dynasty in the tomb indicates significant cultural integration following the conquest [27][29]