记者观察｜动力电池“终身码”：一场深刻的产业治理革命

Core Viewpoint - The introduction of a "digital identity" for every power battery in China's new energy vehicle industry marks a significant institutional reform, transitioning the industry from chaotic growth to regulated maturity, with a projected market scale exceeding 100 billion yuan by 2030 [1][3]. Group 1: Industry Transformation - The new regulation will enforce a "vehicle-battery integrated scrapping" policy, fundamentally altering the operational landscape and ensuring stable raw material supply for compliant enterprises [1][2]. - The current stock of new energy vehicles in China has surpassed 40 million, leading to an impending wave of battery retirements, with annual retirements expected to exceed 1 million tons by 2030 [1]. Group 2: Lifecycle Management - The establishment of a tracking system for batteries will create a dynamic "life file," enhancing regulatory oversight and curbing illegal circulation while enabling new business models based on accurate data [2][3]. - The system will drive optimization across the industry chain, necessitating design considerations for recyclability, production traceability, and battery health monitoring [2]. Group 3: Competitive Landscape - Future competition will hinge on digital capabilities, with companies that effectively utilize traceability data to optimize recycling networks and accurately assess battery residual value gaining a competitive edge [2][3]. - Leading companies are already achieving breakthroughs in recycling technologies, allowing for efficient extraction and recycling of key metals, which will translate into tangible competitive advantages in a regulated market [2]. Group 4: Implementation Challenges - Successful execution of the digital identity system relies on the integrity of data, supported by IoT technology and clear responsibility mechanisms, alongside a well-functioning recovery network [3][4]. - Long-term sustainability in the market will depend on ensuring that compliant businesses achieve real economic benefits and that the costs of recycling are lower than those of raw material extraction [3][4].