温铁军直言：若不想一直被美国欺负下去，中国应用人民币主动出战

Core Viewpoint - The essence of the argument is that the international monetary system is structurally imbalanced, and China must promote the internationalization of the Renminbi (RMB) to reduce dependence on the US dollar and enhance its economic sovereignty [3][9]. Group 1: RMB Internationalization - The RMB's "active engagement" aims to break the single currency hegemony and create a more equitable and diversified monetary balance, rather than seeking to replace the dollar as a dominant currency [7][28]. - Since 2009, China has been steadily promoting the cross-border use of the RMB, leveraging its trade advantages while considering the interests of other countries [17][19]. - More than thirty countries, including Argentina, Brazil, Russia, Saudi Arabia, and France, have adopted the RMB for trade settlements with China, which helps mitigate exchange rate risks and reduce reliance on the dollar [19][21]. Group 2: Risks of Dollar Dependence - The dollar has historically dominated international trade settlements, accounting for over 50% of transactions, leading to significant foreign exchange losses for Chinese foreign trade enterprises due to dollar fluctuations [5][24]. - The US dollar's dominance in foreign exchange reserves remains strong, with approximately 60% of global reserves held in dollars, despite a decline from its peak [13][24]. - The US can transfer domestic economic crises to other countries through monetary policies like quantitative easing, which has historically caused liquidity tightening and capital outflows in other nations [15][28]. Group 3: Strategic Measures for RMB - China is enhancing the infrastructure for RMB internationalization through cross-border payment systems, currency swap agreements, and the promotion of digital RMB for cross-border transactions [21][26]. - The promotion of digital RMB is expected to provide a competitive edge in future cross-border digital trade, contributing to the establishment of a multi-currency system [21][26]. - The RMB internationalization process adheres to principles of non-confrontation and mutual benefit, contrasting sharply with the coercive logic of dollar hegemony [28][30]. Group 4: Long-term Outlook - The RMB's internationalization is a long-term endeavor, and it is unlikely to significantly challenge the dollar's core position in the short term due to the dollar's entrenched market depth and trust [24][26]. - Continuous efforts are needed to address the RMB's liquidity and regulatory challenges in offshore markets to achieve comprehensive internationalization [26][30]. - The ongoing global trend of "de-dollarization" presents a unique opportunity for RMB internationalization, which could enhance China's ability to withstand external risks and contribute to a fairer global economic order [30].