报告称南非近2000亿兰特的能源补贴大部分用于化石燃料

Group 1 - South Africa spent nearly 200 billion rand on energy subsidies in 2025, primarily directed towards fossil fuels, hindering the country's climate goals [1] - The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) reported that fossil fuel subsidies have doubled since 2018, with direct subsidies amounting to 110 billion rand in 2025, three times the amount in 2018 [1] - Over 30% of the total energy subsidy costs in 2025 are related to efforts to stabilize Eskom's financial situation [1] Group 2 - The report indicates that government transfers to Eskom, which are converted into equity, are included in the subsidy category as they provide benefits consistent with WTO definitions [2] - South Africa needs a coordinated and time-bound roadmap to review existing subsidies, enhance targeting and transparency, and guide decisions on reforms or redesigns [2] - Despite being the largest greenhouse gas emitter, Eskom is exempt from carbon tax, highlighting the need for policy adjustments [2] Group 3 - The 2025 Integrated Resource Plan aims to establish a sustainable electricity system to ensure long-term energy security, support emissions reduction, promote environmental sustainability, and drive industrial and economic growth [2] - The implementation of the plan is expected to cost 2.2 trillion rand, funding new generation capacity, infrastructure upgrades, and green industrialization projects [2] - South Africa is committed to achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2050 [2]