短短两年内，7家跨国医疗巨头退出中国市场

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant withdrawal of multinational pharmaceutical companies from the Chinese market, highlighting a trend of strategic exits and the underlying reasons for these decisions. Group 1: Company Withdrawals - Italian pharmaceutical company Recordati announced the liquidation of its subsidiary in China, signaling a complete cessation of operations and a harsh reality for patients relying on its rare disease treatments [1] - At least seven multinational medical companies have made drastic decisions to exit the Chinese market within two years, including major players like Bristol-Myers Squibb and Sumitomo Pharma [2][3] - The average duration of these companies' presence in China was nearly 26 years, marking a complete historical cycle from entry to exit [3] Group 2: Reasons for Withdrawal - The first category of withdrawal reasons includes business failures, exemplified by Recordati and ZimVie, where high-priced rare disease drugs could not gain reimbursement support, leading to unsustainable operations [6][10] - The second category involves strategic divestitures for survival, as seen with companies like Sumitomo Pharma and Kyowa Kirin, which sold their businesses to reduce operational burdens while retaining rights to future drug developments [15][20] - The third category highlights the downsizing and restructuring of major companies like Bristol-Myers Squibb and UCB, which are shifting focus from low-margin products to high-risk, high-reward innovation drug sectors [21][24] Group 3: Market Dynamics - The traditional profit model for multinational pharmaceutical companies in China has collapsed due to price reductions from centralized procurement, with average price drops exceeding 50% and in some cases over 90% [31][32] - Local innovation has intensified competition, with domestic biotech companies rapidly developing products that challenge multinational firms, leading to a price war that many foreign companies cannot sustain [33][35] - Cultural conservatism within Japanese firms has contributed to their higher exit rates, as their slower decision-making processes hinder responsiveness to market changes [36] Group 4: Future Predictions - The trend of mid-sized multinational companies selling off their operations in China is expected to continue, with more companies likely to engage in divestitures or licensing agreements [40] - Multinational companies are anticipated to shift from selling drugs to acquiring early-stage biotech firms, reflecting a change in their operational focus in China [41] - The era of joint-venture pharmaceutical factories is coming to an end, with future production likely to be outsourced or divested, except for biologics that may still require local manufacturing [42][43]