走近大国重器丨用二氧化碳发电——探访“超碳一号”示范工程

Core Viewpoint - The "Supercritical Carbon Dioxide" (S-CO2) power generation technology, developed by China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC), has successfully transitioned from laboratory to commercial application, marking a global first in utilizing supercritical CO2 for power generation [7][17]. Group 1: Technology Overview - The S-CO2 power generation system can improve power generation efficiency by over 85% and increase net power output by more than 50% compared to traditional steam-based systems [8]. - The technology simplifies the system, reduces equipment requirements, and cuts operational space by 50% [8]. - The process involves compressing, heating, expanding, and cooling supercritical CO2, which operates at temperatures above 31°C and pressures exceeding 73 standard atmospheres [10]. Group 2: Development Journey - The development of S-CO2 technology began in 2009, with the team facing significant challenges due to a lack of existing research and experience in this field [11]. - The team overcame various technical hurdles, including creating a unique sealing structure to prevent leaks under high temperature and pressure conditions [12]. - The project took nearly a decade to develop a comprehensive dynamic control system to ensure efficient operation [12]. Group 3: Commercial Application and Impact - The "Supercarbon One" demonstration project has been operational since December 20, 2025, at Shougang Water Steel, successfully converting waste heat from steel production into clean electricity [9][17]. - The project is expected to generate an additional 70 million kWh of electricity annually, increasing revenue by nearly 30 million yuan and reducing carbon emissions by several tons [17]. - The technology is positioned to support China's "dual carbon" goals and is included in key national energy innovation plans [15][18]. Group 4: Future Prospects - The CNNC plans to expand the application of S-CO2 technology to various energy sources, including thermal, nuclear, and renewable energy systems, aiming for modular and intelligent power generation solutions [17]. - A 50 MW demonstration project combining molten salt storage with S-CO2 power generation is set to begin in 2024, highlighting the ongoing commitment to innovation in this field [18].