理论月刊丨赵忠秀：中美体系竞争下的中国战略突围

Core Viewpoint - The core strategy of the U.S. towards China is to contain its development, shifting from indirect economic means to direct technological restrictions [3][4][5] Group 1: Current State of U.S.-China Competition - The U.S.-China trade disputes, which began in 2018, have escalated from tariff conflicts to investment and personnel flow restrictions, fundamentally rooted in a technological competition [4][5] - The U.S. is increasingly using technology wars as a tool to limit China's growth, indicating a shift in policy focus from economic engagement to strategic competition [3][4] Group 2: Key Areas of Technological Competition - The global competition in "key core technologies" such as semiconductors, artificial intelligence, quantum information, new materials, and energy storage is intensifying, with these areas becoming the main battleground for technological and industrial competition [5][6] - The global semiconductor market is projected to reach $630.6 billion in 2024 and nearly $1 trillion by 2026, highlighting its critical role in industrial and national security [5] - In artificial intelligence, China accounted for 69.7% of global AI patent grants in 2023, while the U.S. share dropped from 42.8% in 2015 to 14.2% [5] Group 3: U.S. Strategies to Restrict China - The U.S. has implemented technology blockades against China, focusing on investment restrictions and export controls, alongside limiting the flow of researchers [8][9] - The U.S. aims to restructure supply chains and has enacted laws to limit tax credits for companies associated with "prohibited foreign entities," targeting Chinese firms [8][9] - The U.S. is also striving to establish standards in emerging technologies, emphasizing the importance of standards for economic and national security [8][9] Group 4: Challenges and Advantages for China - China faces challenges in R&D spending, which, while increasing, remains lower than that of the U.S. and some European countries, and there is a need to enhance the originality of patents and influence in international standard-setting [9][10] - However, China possesses a complete industrial system across all categories, forming a self-sufficient and efficient supply chain that is difficult for developed and developing economies to replicate [9][10] Group 5: Strategic Recommendations for China - China should enhance its technological self-reliance and effectively utilize global innovation resources by increasing R&D investment and fostering collaboration between academia and industry [11][12] - There is a need to support foundational sciences and original research, focusing on critical issues and encouraging talent to propose new theories and explore new fields [11][12] - Improving the standard-setting system and maintaining international cooperation in standards is crucial for enhancing China's influence in global technology [12][20]