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Core Insights - Europe is facing an energy paradox where renewable energy capacity is rapidly increasing, but outdated grid infrastructure is hindering efficient power flow, threatening competitiveness and energy security [1][2] Group 1: Current Challenges - The European Commission has launched a new European grid package aimed at enhancing grid planning, expediting approval processes, and promoting cost-sharing for cross-border interconnections to address the escalating grid crisis [1] - Transmission operators are projected to spend €4.3 billion in 2024 managing grid congestion, essentially patching structural deficiencies [1] - Less than half of the transmission capacity in core member countries will be available for cross-border trade in 2024, significantly below the 70% minimum requirement, leading to economic losses amounting to hundreds of millions of euros [1][2] Group 2: Renewable Energy Bottlenecks - Despite rapid construction of renewable energy capacity, internal and cross-border grid bottlenecks frequently obstruct the efficient utilization of clean power, with an estimated €7.2 billion worth of renewable energy generation being curtailed in seven EU countries in 2024 due to grid limitations [2][3] - The EU can promote interconnectivity and internal market rules, but member states retain sovereignty over their energy structures, often prioritizing domestic concerns over systemic efficiency [2] Group 3: Cross-Border Project Challenges - Cross-border projects face significant challenges due to high construction costs and uneven distribution of price effects, complicating political support for such investments despite their overall economic and security benefits for the EU [3] Group 4: New Policy Framework - The new European grid package is a positive step, focusing on enhanced planning, expedited licensing, and tighter interconnection to facilitate cost-sharing [4] - There is a need for improved transparency regarding future demand, generation, and cross-border flows to ensure proper oversight and trust in the investment process [4] Group 5: Investment Gaps - EU funding covers only a small portion of the €1.2 trillion needed for grid modernization by 2040, with current investments in transmission and distribution falling 49% short of what is required to achieve net-zero targets [5] - Member states must increase their investment efforts and create frameworks to attract private investors, viewing grid infrastructure as shared strategic capital essential for long-term competitiveness [5]