教育部推进职业教育改革，将动态调整专业、严格“红黄牌”制度

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Education has issued guidelines to reform key elements of vocational education, focusing on dynamic adjustment of professional settings and the establishment of a standardized system for vocational education by 2027, with a long-term goal of enhancing vocational education's alignment with national strategies and industrial development by 2035 [1][2]. Group 1: Key Tasks and Objectives - The guidelines emphasize the dynamic adjustment of professional settings to focus on high-skilled talent cultivation, implementing a "red-yellow card" warning system to eliminate weak programs with low employment rates [1][2]. - By 2027, the aim is to establish an advanced standard system for vocational education, creating a replicable and promotable new paradigm for teaching reform [1]. - By 2035, the goal is to develop a vocational education practice model with Chinese characteristics, significantly enhancing the ability of vocational education to serve national strategies and industrial development [1]. Group 2: Professional and Curriculum Development - The guidelines advocate for the use of big data and artificial intelligence to predict talent supply and demand in key areas, facilitating professional adjustments based on emerging industries [2]. - There is a focus on upgrading existing programs to align with trends in intelligence, sustainability, and integration, while encouraging local regions to develop specialized programs [2]. - The curriculum design will incorporate the latest standards and technologies, ensuring that new and upgraded courses meet industry needs and include a comprehensive skills and knowledge mapping [3]. Group 3: Textbook and Teaching Material Innovation - The guidelines propose a "three chief editors" mechanism for textbook development, involving industry experts, school leaders, and authoritative figures to diversify textbook formats [3]. - There is an emphasis on developing digital textbooks that can present skills, technologies, and scenarios in a digital format, establishing a standard system for the development, use, and management of vocational education digital materials [3]. - The promotion and use of high-quality vocational education materials will target various groups, including vocational school students, applied university students, and corporate training personnel [3].