诺奖经济学家克鲁格曼批特朗普MAGA成MASA：2025年1月以来美国新增就业较2024年同期锐减近90万

Group 1 - Paul Krugman, a Nobel laureate, argues that Trump's "Make America Great Again" (MAGA) policies are leading the U.S. economy into stagnation, coining the term "Make America Stagnant Again" (MASA) [1] - The latest U.S. employment report shows significant sampling error, with a 90% confidence interval estimating 130,000 new jobs, but actual data fluctuating between 77,000 and 152,000, highlighting the volatility of monthly employment data [1] - Since January 2025, the U.S. has added only 359,000 jobs, a decrease of nearly 900,000 compared to the same period in 2024, indicating that the job market is nearing complete stagnation [1] Group 2 - Trump's immigration policies have two major negative impacts: reduced immigration leads to a significant drop in tax revenue, hindering economic growth, and creates labor shortages in sectors like elder care, agriculture, and meat processing, which local residents are unwilling to work in [2] - Research indicates that preventing immigration and deporting foreign workers could increase mortality rates among the elderly in the U.S. [2] - Krugman highlights a contradiction in the Trump administration's narrative, which claims that immigrants take jobs from locals while simultaneously blaming job losses on reduced immigration, suggesting that these policies are misleading and detrimental to American citizens [2] Group 3 - The development of artificial intelligence (AI) complicates the employment issue in the U.S., with a Goldman Sachs report indicating that AI could lead to a period of no job growth as companies utilize AI to achieve more with fewer workers [2] - Constantin Burgi, an economics professor, notes that the decoupling of job growth from economic growth typically occurs during structural transformation phases, and if job growth remains stagnant for years, many positions may permanently disappear [2] - Laura Ullrich, head of economic research at Indeed, argues that if the U.S. economy remains strong, new job creation should not stay at low levels for an extended period, as low hiring, low firing, and low turnover rates cannot be sustained long-term [2]