全球媒体聚焦｜英媒：美国加征关税 主要由美国企业和消费者承担

Core Insights - The latest research from the New York Federal Reserve indicates that tariffs imposed by the U.S. are primarily borne by American businesses and consumers [1][2]. Group 1: Tariff Impact - By 2025, the average tariff rate on U.S. imports is projected to rise from 2.6% at the beginning of the year to 13% [2]. - Approximately 90% of the additional costs from tariffs on goods from Mexico, Canada, and the EU are shouldered by U.S. consumers and businesses [2]. Group 2: Price Dynamics - Despite rising tariff rates, exporting countries have not reduced prices to offset the decline in U.S. demand; instead, exporters maintain prices and pass the tariff costs onto importers, leading to increased consumer prices [3]. - A report from the Kiel Institute for the World Economy corroborates these findings, indicating that tariff costs are almost entirely transferred to U.S. import prices [3]. Group 3: Household Financial Impact - The Tax Foundation estimates that the increase in tariffs will raise average annual household expenditures by $1,000 in 2025 and further to $1,300 in 2026 [3]. - The economic benefits from tax cuts in the "Big and Beautiful" tax and spending bill will be completely offset by the increase in household spending due to tariffs [6].