我国科学家取得可扩展量子网络重大突破

Core Insights - The research team from the University of Science and Technology of China, led by Pan Jianwei, has made significant breakthroughs in scalable quantum network research, with results published in prestigious journals Nature and Science [1] Group 1: Quantum Network Development - The primary goal of quantum information science is to construct efficient and secure quantum networks [1] - A major challenge in building scalable quantum networks is the exponential decay of quantum entanglement transmission efficiency with distance due to inherent fiber optic losses [1] - Utilizing quantum relay schemes can enhance entanglement distribution efficiency by 100 billion billion times over a distance of 1000 kilometers compared to direct fiber transmission [1] Group 2: Achievements in Quantum Entanglement - The research team has developed long-lived trapped ion quantum storage, high-efficiency ion-photon communication interfaces, and high-fidelity single-photon entanglement protocols, achieving long-lived quantum entanglement for the first time [1] - The entanglement lifetime significantly exceeds the time required to establish entanglement, enabling effective connections and enhancing the scalability of quantum relays [1] - The team successfully established high-fidelity entanglement between two rubidium atoms over long distances, marking a significant advancement in practical quantum key distribution [1] Group 3: Practical Applications - The distance for device-independent quantum key distribution has surpassed 100 kilometers, improving by more than two orders of magnitude compared to previous international best experimental levels [1] - This advancement greatly accelerates the practical application process of quantum key distribution technology [1]