特朗普15%新关税倚仗的“122条款”，具体是怎么规定的？

Core Viewpoint - The Trump administration has invoked Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974 to impose a 10% uniform tariff on global imports, with plans to increase it to 15%, following the U.S. Supreme Court's rejection of previous tariffs under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) [1][4]. Group 1: Section 122 Overview - Section 122 allows the U.S. President to impose tariffs on imports without prior investigation, but it has a strict limit of 15% and a duration of 150 days, after which Congressional approval is required for extension [2][5]. - This section was included in the Trade Act of 1974 to prevent presidential overreach in tariff imposition, establishing clear limits and timelines for such actions [3]. Group 2: Economic Context - The rationale for invoking Section 122 is based on the significant trade deficit of $26 trillion, which Trump describes as a "huge and serious" issue, highlighting the net outflow of U.S. investment income [4][5]. - The negative net international investment position (NIIP) of the U.S. is a key concern, as foreign assets in the U.S. exceed U.S. assets abroad by $26 trillion [4]. Group 3: Market and Legal Implications - Economists and policy experts express skepticism regarding the claimed "international balance of payments crisis," arguing there is no evidence that the U.S. cannot meet its international obligations [7]. - Legal challenges may arise regarding the justification of the tariffs under the claimed crisis, with potential scrutiny from the Supreme Court and the World Trade Organization (WTO) [7].