特朗普下通牒，宣称推动去中国化，并警告不愿配合的国家将面临美国加征关税的惩罚

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses President Trump's ultimatum to countries supplying minerals to the U.S., demanding they establish a supply chain free from Chinese influence within 180 days, or face tariffs. This move is aimed at addressing U.S. dependency on critical minerals, which are essential for various technologies and industries [1][3]. Group 1: U.S. Policy and Actions - Trump signed an executive order requiring countries to agree on a non-China supply chain for critical minerals, threatening tariffs for non-compliance [1]. - The U.S. is heavily reliant on imports for critical minerals, with 12 minerals being 100% imported and 29 others over 50% dependent on foreign sources [1]. - The U.S. plans to invest $12 billion in a mineral alliance called FORGE, aiming to secure supply chains and reduce reliance on China [1]. Group 2: Global Reactions and Challenges - The EU is concerned about its green transition plans, as over 30% of high-performance electric motor materials come from China, risking factory shutdowns if supply chains are disrupted [3]. - Australia faces a dilemma as it is a major mineral exporter but also heavily reliant on China as a buyer for lithium and rare earths [3]. - Japan and South Korea are similarly dependent on Chinese rare earths for their high-tech industries while having significant investments in the U.S. [3]. Group 3: Economic Implications - Previous tariffs imposed by Trump have not reduced the trade deficit with China, which increased to $1.06 trillion by 2022 [3]. - The costs of tariffs have largely been borne by U.S. consumers and businesses, leading to increased prices for goods [3]. - The unpredictability of Trump's tariff threats has created market fatigue, raising doubts about the enforcement of the latest ultimatum [3]. Group 4: Legal and Political Constraints - Trump's authority to impose tariffs is being challenged, with the Supreme Court ruling against his previous tariff actions, leading to calls for legislative limits on presidential powers [5]. - The article notes that China's response includes managing its mineral resources and enhancing cooperation with resource-rich countries, indicating a strategic approach to counter U.S. pressures [5]. Group 5: Future Considerations - Countries must decide within 180 days whether to comply with U.S. demands, balancing geopolitical pressures against their own national interests and market realities [5].