为什么关税未能缩小美国贸易逆差

Group 1 - The article discusses the ongoing implementation of tariffs by the Trump administration despite their failure to reduce the U.S. trade deficit, which is projected to reach a record $1.24 trillion by 2025 due to a 4.3% increase in goods imports [3][4][6] - Major exporting countries such as Germany, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan are responding to U.S. tariffs by introducing government spending plans aimed at supporting manufacturers reliant on overseas markets, thereby partially offsetting the competitive impact of the tariffs [4][5][6] - Germany's spending plan, amounting to approximately €1 trillion (about $1.2 trillion), focuses on supporting manufacturing and subsidizing energy costs to enhance competitiveness in international markets [5][6][8] Group 2 - The article highlights that despite a 9.4% decline in exports to the U.S. last year, Germany remains the largest exporter to the U.S., with a trade surplus of €51.9 billion [6][7] - China's current account surplus is expected to reach 4.3% of GDP this year, while the U.S. has a current account deficit of about 4% of GDP, indicating a significant imbalance in trade dynamics [7][8] - The article emphasizes the challenges of shifting entrenched economic models, as seen in Germany, where efforts to boost imports through government spending are often overshadowed by a focus on maintaining export-driven growth [8][9]