21页|2025推动全球南方能源绿色低碳发展研究报告

Core Insights - Energy is a crucial foundation for industrialization and modernization in Global South countries, facing the challenge of balancing security, economy, and cleanliness in energy development. The rapid advancement and cost reduction of renewable energy technologies, such as wind and solar, have transformed the energy "impossible triangle" into a "possible triangle," allowing for simultaneous energy security, cost reduction, and green development [1][10][16]. Group 1: Energy Demand and Opportunities - The energy demand in Global South countries is significant, with 685 million people lacking electricity as of 2024, primarily concentrated in these regions. Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for over 80% of this population [18][21]. - Fossil fuels continue to play a vital role in the industrialization and modernization processes of Global South countries, providing essential energy for high-demand industries and serving as key raw materials [35][36]. Group 2: Tailored Energy Development Strategies - Countries should develop differentiated energy strategies based on their resource endowments and development stages, prioritizing energy accessibility for low-income and small island nations to ensure supply security and meet basic needs [46][48]. - Countries with industrialization potential must ensure adequate industrial energy supply and accelerate renewable energy development, using traditional energy as a backup to support economic growth [50]. Group 3: Institutional Framework for Green Development - Establishing a stable green low-carbon energy development system is essential. Countries should enhance their energy policy frameworks, promote market mechanisms, and optimize green investment and financing systems to create a sustainable support system [2][12]. - International cooperation is necessary to support Global South countries in achieving sustainable energy development through trade rules, green product circulation, technology collaboration, and investment [2][12].