淘宝京东该戒掉“工厂直供”PTSD了

Core Insights - Pinduoduo is becoming more cautious about the supply chain competition, indicating a shift towards prioritizing low-priced products from white-label brands and industrial belts in its main platform [1] - The domestic retail industry is increasingly betting on "factory direct connections" to achieve low prices, as evidenced by competitors like JD, Douyin, and Alibaba ramping up their efforts [1] - The article highlights various retail models from abroad, suggesting that eliminating middlemen is not the only way to reduce markup rates; aligning business models with target consumers can also yield optimal results [1] Group 1: Supply Chain Models - Aldi and Costco utilize a high-efficiency supply chain model that leans towards factory direct connections, offering better price-performance ratios [2] - Target employs an innovative supply chain model, focusing on designer collaborations to create affordable versions of high-end products [2] - Walmart's supply chain is more complex, involving various roles such as manufacturers and distributors, with less than 20% of its products sourced directly from factories [2] Group 2: Pricing Strategies - Aldi's strategy involves offering "same-source" products at lower prices, effectively eliminating brand premiums while maintaining quality [3][6] - Target's approach includes purchasing design rights from top designers to produce affordable replicas, thus democratizing high-end design [10] - Dollar stores, like Dollar Tree, initially focused on clearance items but have diversified their supply chain to include various low-cost suppliers, with a significant portion of their products sourced from low-cost regions [10][11] Group 3: Consumer Segmentation - The article discusses how different retail models cater to varying consumer segments, with Aldi and Costco appealing to middle-income consumers seeking value, while Dollar stores target lower-income groups [14][20] - Walmart's average customer income is higher than that of Dollar stores, allowing it to offer a wider range of products at regular prices rather than just discounts [11][12] - The consumption patterns of wealthier consumers lead to brand loyalty, while lower-income consumers are more price-sensitive, resulting in different retail strategies [20][25] Group 4: Operational Efficiency - Walmart's supply chain efficiency is highlighted through its centralized distribution centers and self-owned transportation fleet, which significantly reduce logistics costs [26][27] - Dollar stores have also begun to implement automated systems to enhance supply chain management, although they rely heavily on a diverse supplier base [28][29] - The article concludes that no single supply chain model universally lowers markup rates; instead, maintaining the lowest markup for specific target groups is a more effective strategy [14][31]