现金转移时间：转移持续时间和频率如何影响结果（英）2024

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The timing of cash transfers, specifically duration and frequency, significantly influences household outcomes in health, nutrition, education, and labor [2][11][15] - Longer duration cash transfers (more than 24 months) are associated with greater predictability and impact, particularly for children's health and education [3][4][5] - Frequency of cash disbursements alone does not significantly affect outcomes, with one-time transfers often being more appealing due to lower costs [4][15][18] - The interplay of size, frequency, and duration of cash transfers can yield different results than any single factor alone [4][10][29] Summary by Sections Evidence Overview - Limited studies since 2016 focus on cash transfer timing, with robust findings on duration impacting health, nutrition, and employment outcomes [5][12][35] - Studies indicate that long-duration transfers yield better outcomes compared to short-duration transfers [3][4] Health, Nutrition, and Food Security - Duration of transfers has a more significant impact on health and nutrition than frequency [15][18] - Long-term transfers during critical periods, such as the first 1,000 days of a child's life, lead to better health outcomes [17][19] - One-time lump-sum transfers can be as effective as more frequent payments in certain contexts [18][32] Mental Health and Psychosocial Well-Being - Recent studies indicate that longer-duration cash transfers improve mental health outcomes [20][21][23] - The relationship between cash transfers and mental health is still an emerging area requiring further research [19][23] Education - Longer exposure to cash transfers correlates with improved educational attainment and future income prospects [24][25] - Timing of transfers during critical educational periods enhances their effectiveness [24][29] Employment and Labor - Long-term cash transfers do not necessarily reduce working hours but can shift the type of labor households engage in [24][30] - Evidence suggests that cash transfers can encourage entrepreneurship and self-employment [24][30] Consumption, Savings, and Investment - Frequency of transfers does not significantly impact savings and investment outcomes, with some studies indicating that monthly payments may facilitate consumption smoothing [27][28] - Larger lump-sum transfers can lead to immediate increases in savings and investment [29][30] Gender Equity and Empowerment - The frequency and size of cash transfers influence women's control over finances and related outcomes [28][29] - Larger, less frequent transfers may empower women differently compared to smaller, more frequent payments [28][29] Implementation Considerations - Cost-effectiveness of cash transfer programs favors one-time lump-sum payments over more frequent disbursements [30][31] - Design factors such as transfer size, frequency, and duration should be considered collectively to optimize outcomes [30][34]