中国经济转型升级的必由之路：大公国际：从制造大国到制造强国

Group 1: Manufacturing Transition - China's manufacturing value added reached 33 trillion yuan in 2023, maintaining the world's largest manufacturing scale for 14 consecutive years, accounting for approximately 30% of global manufacturing value added[16] - The proportion of high-end manufacturing value added in China remains low, with transportation equipment at 8.3% and machinery at 7.9%, totaling 16.2%, compared to Germany's 39.6%[3] - Basic research investment in China accounted for only 6.7% of total R&D spending in 2023, significantly lower than over 15% in countries like the UK, US, and France[3] Group 2: Challenges in Manufacturing - China's manufacturing sector faces structural optimization challenges, with an oversupply of low-end products and insufficient supply of mid-to-high-end products to meet consumer demand[9] - The global value chain position of China's manufacturing is primarily in low-end processing and assembly, lacking in high-value segments like design and R&D[9] - Financing support for manufacturing transformation is inadequate, particularly for SMEs and innovative enterprises, limiting their ability to invest in technology[21] Group 3: Pathways for Upgrading - Strengthening core technology R&D in key areas such as chips and AI is essential for enhancing China's manufacturing competitiveness[10] - Promoting digital, networked, and intelligent development in manufacturing is crucial for upgrading the value chain towards mid-to-high-end[12] - Enhancing financing support for technology innovation through improved capital market structures, including stock and bond markets, is necessary to facilitate manufacturing transformation[25]