新加坡视角：房屋养老金的国际经验

Group 1: Overview of Singapore's Housing Pension System - The report explores the establishment of a housing pension system in China, drawing insights from Singapore's experience in managing long-term housing maintenance through housing repair funds [1][17] - Singapore's public housing, known as "HDB flats," has become the most common residential type, with 78% of households living in these units as of 2023 [1][18] Group 2: Housing Renovation Plans - The need for renovation plans for HDB flats arose due to aging buildings and increasing resident expectations for living conditions, leading to the implementation of renovation plans since the 1990s [20][21] - HDB has developed various renovation plans over the years, including the Main Upgrading Programme (MUP) and the Selective En bloc Redevelopment Scheme (SERS), to address different community needs [21][22] Group 3: Funding and Management of Renovation - Funding for HDB renovations comes from a combination of maintenance fees paid by homeowners and government subsidies, with homeowners typically covering only a small percentage of the costs [23][26] - The monthly service and maintenance fees (S&CC) for HDB flats range from 20 to 115 SGD, depending on the household's financial situation, with the government providing partial refunds [26][27] Group 4: Insights from Singapore's Housing System - Singapore's housing maintenance system emphasizes regular renovations and community involvement, ensuring that residents have a say in the renovation processes [12][22] - The report suggests that China could adopt a similar long-term, multi-phase approach to housing maintenance and renovation, tailored to the specific development stages of different cities [12][28]