新兴市场的网络安全经济学（英）2024

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the cybersecurity industry in emerging markets Core Insights - Cybersecurity is essential for the socioeconomic progress of nations, particularly in the context of increasing digitalization and associated risks [32] - The report highlights significant gaps in understanding cyber incidents and their consequences, which hinder resource mobilization for cybersecurity, especially in developing countries [33] - The analysis reveals a 21% annual growth rate in publicly disclosed cyber incidents globally, with upper-middle-income countries experiencing a 37% increase [18][35] - The economic impact of cyber incidents is particularly severe in developing countries, where the average disclosed incident has a larger impact compared to high-income countries [43] Summary by Sections Chapter 1: The Threat Landscape - The report identifies over 30,000 publicly disclosed cyber incidents from 2014 to 2023, with a notable increase during the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war [34][38] - Developing countries account for approximately 30% of disclosed cyber incidents, with Latin America and the Caribbean showing the fastest growth at 25% annually [39] - Financial motives dominate cyber incidents globally, accounting for 74% of incidents, while political motives are more prevalent in developing countries [40][41] Chapter 2: The Economic Costs of Cyber Incidents - Reducing major cyber incidents could increase GDP per capita by approximately 1.5% in developing countries [44] - The average cost of a ransomware attack surged by 13% from 2022 to 2023, disproportionately affecting small and medium enterprises [45] - The systemic nature of cyber risk can lead to widespread disruptions, as illustrated by the NotPetya cyberattack, which resulted in over $7.3 billion in consumer losses [46] Chapter 3: The Cybersecurity Market - The global cybersecurity market is expected to grow by 14% in 2024, reaching nearly 0.2% of the world's GDP, with cloud security and data privacy as key growth areas [48] - The industry faces challenges such as a shortage of skilled cybersecurity professionals, with over 4 million unfilled positions in 2023 [49] - High-income countries dominate the cybersecurity market, with government spending on cybersecurity significantly higher than in developing countries [50]