【粤开宏观】双城记2024：广州与深圳全面比较

Economic Comparison - Guangzhou's GDP in 2023 was 3.04 trillion yuan, accounting for 2.4% of China's GDP and 22.4% of Guangdong's GDP[2] - Shenzhen's GDP in 2023 was 3.46 trillion yuan, accounting for 2.7% of China's GDP and 25.5% of Guangdong's GDP[2] - Guangzhou's GDP was 88% of Shenzhen's in 2023, narrowing from 83% in 2018[3] Industrial Structure - Guangzhou relies on traditional industries like automobiles, chemicals, and electronics, with car manufacturing accounting for 25% of its industrial revenue[5] - Shenzhen's electronics manufacturing revenue reached 2.53 trillion yuan in 2022, accounting for over half of its industrial revenue[5] - Shenzhen has 419 A-share listed companies compared to Guangzhou's 154 as of 2023[5] Fiscal Contribution - Guangzhou's general public budget revenue was 1.945 trillion yuan in 2023, about half of Shenzhen's 4.113 trillion yuan[6] - Guangzhou's fiscal self-retention ratio is 33%, 9 percentage points lower than Shenzhen's 42%[6] - Guangzhou's land finance dependency reached 45.5% in 2023, significantly higher than Shenzhen's 17.6%[6] Infrastructure and Resources - Guangzhou has 1133 km of expressways compared to Shenzhen's 397 km, and its freight volume was 910 million tons versus Shenzhen's 410 million tons in 2022[7] - Guangzhou has 84 universities, accounting for 51% of Guangdong's total, while Shenzhen has only 10[7] - Guangzhou has 298 hospitals with 100,000 beds, significantly more than Shenzhen's 151 hospitals and 50,000 beds[7] Innovation and Technology - Shenzhen's R&D expenditure in 2022 was 188.049 billion yuan, nearly double Guangzhou's 98.836 billion yuan[7] - Shenzhen's R&D intensity reached 5.81% in 2022, far exceeding Guangzhou's 3.43%[7] - Shenzhen accounted for 61.3% of Guangdong's high-tech manufacturing value-added in 2022, while Guangzhou ranked fourth[7]