宏观研究专题报告：我国碳中和政策及投资机会

Group 1: Carbon Emission Overview - Global carbon dioxide emissions reached 35.13 billion tons in 2022, a 1.59% increase from 2021[15] - China accounted for 31.90% of global carbon emissions in 2023, with a total of 11.218 billion tons[15] - The top five countries (China, USA, India, Russia, Japan) contributed approximately 60% of global emissions[15] Group 2: Key Investment Opportunities - CCUS (Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage) technologies are critical for achieving carbon neutrality but currently lack economic viability[1] - The transition to green and low-carbon energy is essential, with renewable energy sources like wind and solar becoming primary alternatives due to significant cost reductions[1] - The electrification of high-emission sectors such as steel, construction, and transportation is a major pathway to reduce carbon emissions[1] Group 3: Policy and Market Dynamics - The "2024-2025 Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction Action Plan" aims for significant reductions in carbon emissions by 2035, with new energy vehicles becoming mainstream[1] - Traditional high-energy-consuming industries may face constraints on new capacity due to carbon neutrality goals, but short-term flexibility exists under the "safe transition" principle[1] - Recent financial policies have aimed to stabilize market confidence, particularly in sectors like thermal power and petrochemicals, which may present investment opportunities[1]