产业深度08期：智能汽车产业研究系列（八）-智能汽车：Robotaxi行业拐点将至，中美走在最前列

Industry Overview - The Robotaxi industry is approaching a critical technological breakthrough, transitioning from initial concepts in the late 20th century to a mature phase in the 2020s[1] - China and the United States are leading the commercialization of Robotaxi services, while other countries remain in testing phases without commercial operations[1] - The global commercialization of Robotaxi is accelerating, with expectations for large-scale operations in the coming years, entering the commercialization 2.0 phase[1] Challenges Ahead - The commercialization process faces multiple challenges, including technological, cost, and regulatory hurdles, which are both bottlenecks and drivers for innovation[1] - Technological challenges include ensuring reliability and safety, particularly for L3 and L4 autonomous driving levels, which have not yet fully met operational requirements[12] - Cost challenges involve high R&D and manufacturing expenses, with significant investments needed for sensors and software development, impacting the feasibility of large-scale operations[14] Market Dynamics - Future technological advancements and business model innovations are expected to progress simultaneously, with a focus on market expansion and regional coverage[3] - Potential market participants include established automakers like Huawei and Tesla's Cybercab initiative, as well as emerging players with flexible strategies[3] - Consumer acceptance and market education are crucial for unlocking regional market potential and driving demand[3]