塞内加尔的土地权和性别不平等（英）2024

Investment Rating - The report does not provide a specific investment rating for the industry. Core Insights - Despite legal provisions promoting gender equality in land rights, women in Senegal face significant challenges in accessing and controlling land, with only 6% owning agricultural land and 2.5% owning housing [15][27] - Traditional practices and patriarchal norms limit women's access to land, with most women obtaining land rights through inheritance or loans, which are often temporary and secondary [16][18] - Women's participation in formal land governance is limited, and while initiatives exist to improve their land tenure security, their effectiveness remains constrained [20][21] Summary by Sections Executive Summary - Women represent 70% of the rural labor force but only 6% own agricultural land and 2.5% own housing, highlighting a significant gender gap in land ownership [15][27] - Access to land is primarily through inheritance (61.8%) and loans (24.2%), with formal land allocation being rare [17][61] Land Governance in Senegal: Overview - The land tenure system in Senegal is characterized by a coexistence of formal legal systems and customary practices, leading to a lack of secure land rights for many [45][54] - The National Domain Law (NDL) aims to promote equitable land access but faces implementation challenges and is often circumvented by customary practices [50][78] Women and Land in Senegal: A Relatively Egalitarian Legal Framework - Senegal's legal framework prohibits gender discrimination in property rights, yet practical access remains unequal due to sociocultural norms [89][92] - The NDL does not specify gender for land occupants, but the implementation has historically favored male heads of households [90][92] What Land Rights Do Women Have in Practice? - Women typically access land through male relatives, and their rights are often insecure and dependent on maintaining these relationships [29][30] - Initiatives to promote women's land rights have shown some positive results, but barriers to effective participation in land governance persist [20][22] Conclusions and Recommendations - The report concludes with recommendations aimed at improving women's land rights through legal reforms, capacity building, and increasing women's roles in land governance [24][30]