减少与心理健康相关的污名和歧视：全球概览（英）2024

Industry Investment Rating - The report does not provide a specific investment rating for the mental health stigma reduction industry, but it highlights the significant global need for funding and implementation of long-term programs to address mental health stigma and discrimination [156][157] Core Report Findings - Stigma and discrimination related to mental health have severe negative impacts on individuals, families, and communities, including reduced access to healthcare, education, and employment opportunities [18][29] - A global survey found that 80% of people with mental health conditions across 45 countries agreed that stigma and discrimination can be worse than the impact of the mental health condition itself [18][29] - Interventions based on social contact, whether in-person, virtual, or indirect, are the most effective ways to reduce stigma worldwide, especially when adapted to different cultural contexts [18][23] - Long-term programs are necessary for sustainable stigma reduction, and their impact should be assessed through baseline and periodic evaluations [24][26] Summary by Section Executive Summary - Stigma and discrimination violate basic human rights and exacerbate marginalization, reducing access to healthcare and diminishing educational and employment opportunities [18] - The report synthesizes over 260 systematic reviews on stigma reduction and emphasizes the effectiveness of social contact-based interventions [18][23] Importance of Stigma and Discrimination in Mental Health - Stigma and discrimination lead to social exclusion, loss of property, inheritance, and voting rights, and poor-quality healthcare for mental and physical health conditions [29] - These barriers contravene basic human rights and are prevalent across all countries and cultures [29] Defining Stigma and Discrimination - Stigma is defined as a deeply discrediting attribute that reduces a person's value, while discrimination is the unfair treatment of individuals based on specific characteristics [32] - Stigma can be categorized into public stigma, self-stigma, family stigma, and structural stigma [33][34][35][37][38] Evidence on Reducing Mental Health Stigma and Discrimination - Social contact interventions, particularly those involving people with lived experience, are the most effective in reducing stigma [23][110] - Structural stigma can be reduced through policies, community-based treatment, and public education programs [42][43] - Cost-effectiveness studies suggest that stigma reduction programs can yield significant economic benefits, such as increased employment and reduced healthcare costs [125] Case Studies of National-Level Anti-Stigma Programs - Programs like Time to Change (England), Nōku te Ao (New Zealand), and batyr (Australia) have demonstrated significant improvements in public attitudes, mental health knowledge, and reductions in discrimination [131][133][135] - These programs often involve social contact, lived experience champions, and social marketing campaigns, with long-term sustainability being a key factor for success [129][131] Conclusions and Recommendations - The report recommends creating long-term, culturally adapted programs to reduce stigma, with a focus on social contact as the central component [156][157] - Specific target audiences and outcomes should be identified, and programs should involve cross-sectoral support from industries, sports, media, and education [157]