创造公平竞争环境：解决结构性不平等问题，加快非洲减贫（英）2024

Investment Rating - The report emphasizes the urgent need to address structural inequalities in Africa to accelerate poverty reduction, indicating a positive outlook for investments aimed at tackling these issues [27][28][29]. Core Insights - Africa faces significant structural inequalities that hinder economic growth and poverty reduction, with over half of income inequality attributed to circumstances beyond individual control [29][30]. - The report proposes a three-pronged policy framework to level the playing field, focusing on building productive capacities, creating jobs, and implementing fair fiscal policies [31][32]. Summary by Sections Chapter 1: Inequality in Africa - Africa is characterized by high levels of income inequality, making it the second-most unequal region globally [8][29]. - Structural inequality is a major constraint on economic growth and poverty reduction [29][30]. Chapter 2: The Poverty Reduction Challenge in Africa - The gap in well-being between Africa and the rest of the world has widened since the 2000s, with slow rates of poverty reduction linked to low and inequitable growth [10][28]. - Structural inequality limits mobility and the efficiency of growth, further slowing poverty reduction [10][28]. Chapter 3: Building Productive Capacity - There are ongoing trends that exacerbate structural inequality in building productive capacity, necessitating policies that promote equity [13][29]. - The chapter highlights the importance of addressing market distortions that affect access to opportunities [13][29]. Chapter 4: Using Productive Capacities - Structural inequality in using productive capacity is linked to market distortions, which affect job creation and earnings [14][29]. - The report discusses the need for policies that open up job opportunities for all workers [14][29]. Chapter 5: Fiscal Policies - Governments can significantly improve the situation through effective fiscal policies that promote redistribution [15][29]. - The report notes that greater redistribution is possible in many middle-income and resource-rich countries [15][29]. Chapter 6: Tackling Structural Inequalities - The report emphasizes that addressing structural inequalities is crucial for accelerating poverty reduction and growth [15][31]. - It draws lessons from successful episodes of economic growth that have also reduced poverty and inequality [15][31].