百年未有之大变局下的机遇与挑战（二）：探寻美国单边主义对行业影响的线索

Group 1 - The report highlights the uncertainty surrounding the fulfillment of Trump's campaign promises, particularly regarding unilateralism and trade tensions with non-U.S. economies [6] - The U.S. has imposed multiple rounds of tariffs on Chinese goods, with the total import amounts affected being $34 billion, $16 billion, $200 billion, and $300 billion, with tariff rates ranging from 7.5% to 25% [6][16] - The share of Chinese imports in the U.S. has decreased from 21.6% in 2017 to 13.9% in 2023, indicating a significant reduction in reliance on Chinese goods [6][16] Group 2 - New regulations announced by the U.S. government will restrict investments by U.S. companies and individuals in semiconductor, AI, and quantum fields in China, effective January 2025 [9] - The 2022 CHIPS and Science Act, signed by Biden, aims to bolster U.S. semiconductor manufacturing, providing approximately $280 billion in funding and requiring companies receiving subsidies to manufacture chips domestically [10] - The report outlines a timeline of legislative actions aimed at countering China's influence in technology sectors, including the proposed $52 billion funding for semiconductor research and production [11] Group 3 - The Inflation Reduction Act, signed in August 2022, allocates around $430 billion to clean energy manufacturing, aiming to reduce dependence on foreign solar products and promote domestic supply chains [29] - The report discusses the impact of tariffs on U.S. imports from China, noting a 9.2% decline in imports from 2017 to 2023, which is linked to rising inflation and trade restrictions [35] - The analysis indicates that U.S. industries still rely heavily on "Made in China" products, particularly in pharmaceuticals, machinery, and textiles, despite the imposition of tariffs [37]