“对等关税”，美国“滞胀”风险显著

Core Insights - The implementation of "reciprocal tariffs" is significantly stronger than market expectations, with a baseline tariff of 10% and additional tariffs based on the perceived tariff levels of trading partners, leading to potential increases in average import tariffs in the U.S. by approximately 17 percentage points to around 22% [2][4] - The tariffs are particularly high for countries with significant trade surpluses with the U.S., such as China (34%), Vietnam (46%), and Japan (24%), indicating a strategic aim to reduce trade deficits and promote domestic manufacturing [3][4] - The unexpected introduction of these tariffs may serve as a starting point for new trade negotiations, with a more lenient approach towards Canada and Mexico, suggesting that countries willing to negotiate may avoid the highest tariffs [3] Industry Implications - The new tariff measures are likely to accelerate the risk of "stagflation" in the U.S., with inflationary pressures and economic growth risks expected to be more pronounced than during previous trade disputes [4] - The broader scope and magnitude of the tariffs could lead to retaliatory measures from trade partners, further exacerbating negative economic impacts on the U.S. economy [4] - The U.S. stock market is anticipated to enter a comprehensive downward trend, influenced by the global trade disruptions and the potential for an economic recession [4]