3月和一季度经济数据点评：一季度开局平稳，但年内仍有稳增长压力

Economic Performance - In Q1 2025, the actual GDP growth rate was 5.4%, exceeding the consensus forecast by 0.2 percentage points[3] - The nominal GDP growth rate for Q1 2025 was 4.6%, consistent with Q4 2024[3] - Industrial added value in March increased by 7.7%, surpassing expectations by 1.8 percentage points[13] - Retail sales in March grew by 5.9%, exceeding expectations by 1.5 percentage points[21] Investment Trends - Fixed asset investment in Q1 2025 showed a cumulative year-on-year growth of 4.2%, higher than the previous month by 0.1 percentage points[31] - Manufacturing investment grew by 9.1%, while infrastructure investment rose by 5.8%[33] - Real estate investment declined by 9.9%, with new construction area down by 24.4%[36] Consumer Behavior - Per capita disposable income in Q1 2025 was 12,179 yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 5.5%[43] - Per capita consumption expenditure was 7,681 yuan, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 5.3%[45] - The consumption structure showed a trend of "tightening spending," particularly in food, clothing, and healthcare[45] Future Outlook - The introduction of the "reciprocal tariffs" by the U.S. is expected to negatively impact China's exports and overall economic growth in 2025[51] - Recommendations for macroeconomic policy include diversifying export markets, stabilizing investment, and enhancing domestic consumption[51] - Risks include potential global inflation, rapid economic downturns in Europe and the U.S., and complex international situations[51]