挖掘科创债的溢价机会

Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content Group 2: Core Views of the Report - On May 7, 2025, at the State Council Information Office press conference, Chairman Wu Qing and Governor Pan Gongsheng successively pointed out the development of science - and - technology innovation bonds. This was the third mention of science - and - technology innovation bonds in important meetings this year, highlighting the continuous policy support. With policy support, science - and - technology innovation bonds are expected to further expand to support the development of innovative enterprises, and the market may need to re - evaluate their investment value [4]. - Science - and - technology innovation bonds refer to bonds issued by enterprises in the science - and - technology innovation field with funds mainly used for science - and - technology innovation. They mainly include science - and - technology innovation notes and science - and - technology innovation corporate bonds. The core contents of the "Notice on Further Supporting the Issuance of Science - and - Technology Innovation Bonds to Serve New - quality Productivity" include expanding the issuer scope, introducing incremental funds such as social security funds and pensions, and optimizing the issuance and trading systems [4]. - Since their launch, the issuance scale of science - and - technology innovation bonds has been continuously increasing, with state - owned enterprises and central enterprises as the main issuers. As of May 19, 2025, the issuance amounts of industrial bonds, financial bonds, and urban investment bonds among science - and - technology innovation bonds this year were 453.6 billion yuan, 140 billion yuan, and 28.9 billion yuan respectively. In addition, 24 equity investment institutions have registered to issue science - and - technology innovation bonds, with an expected total scale of 15.5 billion yuan [4]. - The outstanding science - and - technology innovation bonds are mainly of medium - to - high grades and have a maturity of less than 3 years, and are mostly distributed in traditional industries such as building decoration and coal. Most industries' science - and - technology innovation bonds have a certain premium compared with ordinary bonds in the same industry, with higher premiums in industries such as food and beverage and pharmaceutical biology. The positive premium of science - and - technology innovation bonds is mainly related to the use of bond funds. They support high - risk science - and - technology innovation projects, so they have a premium compared with ordinary bonds [5]. - The main value of science - and - technology innovation bonds is to contribute increments to the bond market, thus alleviating the asset shortage problem to some extent. From January to May 20, 2025, the issuance of science - and - technology innovation bonds totaled 622.5 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 61%. The annual issuance is expected to be close to 1.9 trillion yuan. In terms of price, the average spread between science - and - technology innovation bonds and ordinary bonds issued by the same entity in the past month was close to 10bp. It is recommended to explore the premium investment opportunities of science - and - technology innovation bonds [5]. - Future points of attention for science - and - technology innovation bonds include the increase in issuance volume, the introduction of investment assessment, and the expansion of fund products [6]. Group 3: Summary According to the Directory What is a Science - and - Technology Innovation Bond? - Policy changes: Since 2017, the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges have actively carried out pilot projects on dual - innovation bonds. In 2022, the official launch of science - and - technology innovation bonds was marked. In 2025, multiple policies were introduced to support the issuance of science - and - technology innovation bonds, and it is expected to expand under continuous policy optimization [10]. - Concept and variety analysis: Science - and - technology innovation bonds mainly include science - and - technology innovation notes and science - and - technology innovation corporate bonds. They have differences in issuer identification and use of raised funds. Science - and - technology innovation notes are listed on the inter - bank market, while science - and - technology innovation corporate bonds are listed on the exchange [12][14]. - Contribution to small and medium - sized private enterprises: The launch of science - and - technology innovation bonds aims to guide funds to the science - and - technology innovation field, change the current issuance pattern dominated by large state - owned enterprises and upstream industry enterprises, and help private enterprises and small and medium - sized science - and - technology innovation enterprises finance through the bond market [15]. Primary Market: The Supply of Science - and - Technology Innovation Bonds has Increased Significantly - Expansion of issuance scale: Since their launch, the issuance scale of science - and - technology innovation bonds has been continuously increasing. From 2022 to 2024, the issuance scales were 243.5 billion yuan, 743.5 billion yuan, and 1.1783 trillion yuan respectively, with an average annual compound growth rate of 120%. As of May 20, 2025, the total issuance scale was 2.7877 trillion yuan [22]. - Recent strong demand: Recently, policy support for science - and - technology innovation bonds has been strong, and market subscription enthusiasm has increased. In May, the average subscription multiple of science - and - technology innovation bonds increased by 1.4 times compared with April, indicating a significant increase in investors' allocation demand [24]. - Supply from the perspective of issuer type: Science - and - technology innovation bonds are mainly issued by state - owned enterprises and central enterprises, accounting for 46% and 43% respectively. Industrial issuers account for 92% of the issuance scale, while urban investment issuers account for only 8% [28]. - Supply from the industry perspective: The issuers of science - and - technology innovation bonds are mostly from traditional industries. The building decoration industry has the largest issuance scale, followed by public utilities, coal, and non - ferrous metals. The issuance scale of science - and - technology industries such as communication, electronics, and computer needs to be improved. The urban investment platforms with high issuance amounts are industrial investment platforms [34]. Secondary Market: Seize the Investment Opportunities of Premium Science - and - Technology Innovation Bonds - Reasons for institutional purchases: Institutions' core motivations for allocating science - and - technology innovation bonds include coupon advantages, the expectation of regulatory optimization of investment - end assessment, and the potentially lower default risk compared with ordinary corporate credit bonds [41]. - Characteristics of outstanding bonds: There are currently 1,782 outstanding science - and - technology innovation bonds with a total amount of 1.7907 trillion yuan. They are mainly of medium - to - high grades, with AA - grade and above accounting for 94%. The remaining maturity is mainly less than 3 years, accounting for 65% [44]. - Valuation distribution: The outstanding industrial science - and - technology innovation bonds total 1.5684 trillion yuan, mainly distributed in industries such as building decoration, coal, and public utilities. High - valuation science - and - technology innovation bonds are mainly in industries such as basic chemicals, power equipment, and pharmaceutical biology. The outstanding urban investment science - and - technology innovation bonds total 181.2 billion yuan. Jiangxi, Sichuan, and Hubei have the largest outstanding scales. Chongqing, Shandong, and Shaanxi have relatively high valuations [53]. - Premium analysis: Most industries' science - and - technology innovation bonds have a certain premium compared with ordinary bonds in the same industry. The premiums of the food and beverage, pharmaceutical biology, and communication industries are all above 30bp, while the valuations of science - and - technology innovation bonds in the media, automobile, and computer industries are significantly lower than those of ordinary bonds. Among urban investment provinces, Jilin's urban investment science - and - technology innovation bonds have an obvious premium compared with those of the same province [55]. - Reasons for the positive premium: Compared with other labeled bonds, the positive premium of science - and - technology innovation bonds is mainly related to the use of bond funds. Science - and - technology innovation bonds are mainly used to support science - and - technology innovation projects with high uncertainty, so investors require a credit risk premium, resulting in a higher valuation than ordinary bonds issued by the same entity [60].