FICC策略：美债收益率破5，会持续多久？

Core Insights - The report discusses the recent rise in long-term US Treasury yields, with both 20-year and 30-year yields surpassing 5% and remaining above this level since late May 2023 [3][4][8] - The downgrade of the US credit rating by Moody's from Aaa to Aa1 on May 16 is identified as a primary factor contributing to the increase in yields, leading to a disappointing auction for 20-year bonds on May 21, where the final yield was 5.047%, up 24 basis points from April [4][6] - Concerns regarding the US debt ceiling have resurfaced, particularly following the passage of the "Beautiful Bill" on May 22, which allows for a $4 trillion increase in the debt ceiling, suggesting a return to expansionary fiscal policies [4][6][7] - Market fears of inflation and delayed interest rate cuts are also contributing to the sustained high yields, with the report indicating that the Federal Reserve's reluctance to lower rates could keep yields elevated for an extended period [8] Summary by Sections Recent Yield Trends - Long-term US Treasury yields have recently risen above 5%, with specific reference to the 20-year and 30-year bonds [3][5] - The yields have been influenced by a combination of credit rating downgrades, debt ceiling issues, and inflation concerns [4][8] Credit Rating Impact - The downgrade by Moody's has led to increased market volatility and higher yields, as all three major rating agencies have now rated US debt below the highest level [4][6] - The immediate effect was seen in the auction results, which reflected a significant increase in yield compared to previous months [4][6] Debt Ceiling Concerns - The passage of the "Beautiful Bill" has raised expectations of increased debt supply, which could further pressure yields upward [4][6][7] - Historical context is provided, noting that after previous debt ceiling resolutions, yields have tended to rise, indicating a potential pattern [6][7] Inflation and Interest Rate Outlook - The report highlights that inflation fears and the Fed's cautious stance on rate cuts are likely to maintain high yield levels [8] - The probability of a rate cut in June has dropped significantly, indicating a shift in market expectations regarding monetary policy [8][11]