利用2021年购买力平价和新的消费数据重新审视全球贫困

Investment Rating - The report indicates an upward revision of the international poverty line to $3.00 per person per day in 2021 purchasing power parities (PPPs), reflecting a significant increase of around 40% from the previous line of $2.15 [12][44]. Core Insights - The report highlights that recent improvements in survey methodologies have led to an increase in measured consumption in many low- and lower-middle-income countries, prompting upward revisions of national poverty lines [3][9]. - The net effect of these methodological changes and new survey data has resulted in an increase in global extreme poverty by approximately 125 million people in 2022, with a notable shift of poverty from South Asia to Sub-Saharan Africa [3][13]. - The international poverty line is now based on the median national poverty line of low-income countries, which has been significantly revised due to improved data quality and timeliness [12][66]. Summary by Sections Introduction - The report discusses the use of updated purchasing power parities (PPPs) and new survey data to establish new poverty lines for global poverty monitoring [7]. Data - The analysis incorporates 2021 PPPs and over 2,400 income and consumption surveys from 172 countries, covering more than 97% of the global population [28][30]. Setting Poverty Lines - The international poverty line is defined as the median harmonized poverty line of low-income countries, now set at $3.00, with corresponding lines for lower-middle and upper-middle-income countries updated to $4.20 and $8.30, respectively [40][41]. Changes in Global Poverty Lines - The report identifies four main sources of changes in global poverty lines: price changes from PPPs and CPIs, underlying national poverty lines, income classification changes, and the number of countries with available data [59][60]. Conclusion - The report concludes that the increase in the international poverty line is primarily driven by new poverty lines from low-income countries, reflecting improved survey methodologies rather than an increase in poverty aspirations [66].