原油：美伊核谈判一波三折，地缘风波加剧

Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided Core Viewpoints of the Report - The global crude oil futures market has experienced significant fluctuations under the impact of multiple geopolitical crises. The continuous escalation of the Russia-Ukraine war and the turmoil in the US-Iran nuclear negotiations have had a profound impact on crude oil supply, demand expectations, financial speculation, and the global energy landscape [4]. - Geopolitical events affect oil prices through three transmission chains: direct supply disruptions, transportation channel blockades, and changes in sanctions policies. The market's reaction to different types of events varies in time lag, with short-term sudden supply shocks causing a jump of over 10% on the day, while long-term sanctions policies lead to a monthly progressive premium of 3 - 5%. The market is gradually becoming desensitized to repeated geopolitical threats [4]. - Geopolitical turmoil has transformed the impact on the crude oil futures market into a complex game involving financialization, politicization, and greening factors. In the short term, the market is still digesting the contradiction between supply disruption risks and weak demand. In the medium to long term, the acceleration of energy transformation and the reconstruction of pricing power will reshape the industry's fundamentals [5]. Summary by Relevant Catalog Preface: US Evacuation of Personnel from the Middle East Triggers Market Concerns - On June 11, 2025, the US State Department and Department of Defense decided to evacuate non-essential personnel from the Middle East due to the escalating tension in the region. The US-Iran relationship is tense, and the risk of conflict between Israel and Iran is rising, which has increased market concerns [8]. Chapter 1: Geopolitical Crisis Intensifies, Crude Oil Futures Rise Significantly - The intensification of the geopolitical crisis has driven up domestic and international oil prices. After the Russia-Ukraine conflict escalated and the US planned to evacuate personnel from the Middle East, the market worried about the breakdown of the US-Iran nuclear negotiations and the potential blockade of the Strait of Hormuz by Iran. As a result, on Wednesday night, the US WTI crude oil futures price rose 5.11% to $69.29 per barrel, the Brent crude oil futures price rose 5.85% to $70.83 per barrel, and the domestic crude oil futures 2507 contract rose 3.37% to 497.4 yuan per barrel [9]. Chapter 2: Expectations of US-Iran Conflict Heat Up, Evacuation Signs Appear - The US evacuation of non-essential personnel from the Middle East is a preventive measure. The US State Department ordered the evacuation of non-core personnel from the embassy in Baghdad, and authorized the evacuation of non-core personnel and their families in Bahrain and Kuwait. The US Secretary of Defense approved the voluntary evacuation of the families of US troops in the Middle East. The Iranian Defense Minister warned that if the negotiations fail, Iran will attack US military bases in the Middle East. The British Navy also warned that the shipping in the Middle East may be affected. The prices of WTI and Brent crude oil futures have risen significantly, and the market is worried about potential oil supply disruptions [17]. Chapter 3: Long-Standing US-Iran矛盾, Difficult to Resolve Differences - The US-Iran conflict dates back to the Iranian Islamic Revolution in 1979, covering various fields such as ideology, social system, and geopolitics, especially the Iranian nuclear issue. The Iran hostage crisis in 1979 and the Iranian nuclear crisis in 2003 have further intensified the contradiction. Different US administrations have adopted different policies towards Iran, from containment and sanctions to negotiation and then back to sanctions. The current Trump administration's Iran policy is a key part of its Middle East policy [18][20]. Chapter 4: US-Iran Nuclear Negotiations on the Verge of Collapse, Conflict Looms - Since the beginning of 2025, the US and Iran have held multiple rounds of nuclear negotiations. However, there are significant differences between the two sides on key issues such as uranium enrichment and the lifting of sanctions. The future of the negotiations is uncertain, and the breakdown of the negotiations may lead to a larger-scale conflict [23][24]. Chapter 5: Iran's High Geopolitical Influence and Oil Production Status in the Middle East - Iran is a major oil producer in the Middle East. In April 2025, its crude oil production was 3.305 million barrels per day, with a slight monthly decrease of 31,000 barrels per day and a slight annual increase of 82,000 barrels per day. From January to April 2025, its crude oil production was 13.242 million barrels per day, a significant increase of 490,000 barrels per day compared to the same period last year. Iran ranks eighth in global oil production and has the highest production increase among OPEC members. It also has the fourth-largest proven oil reserves and the second-largest natural gas reserves in the world [25]. - Iran controls the Strait of Hormuz, which is crucial for global oil transportation. Approximately 40% of the world's oil exports pass through this strait, and about 90% of the total oil exports from the Persian Gulf go through it. If the strait is blocked, it will lead to a sharp reduction in oil supply, causing a rapid increase in oil prices and seriously affecting the global economy [26]. Chapter 6: Russia-Ukraine Conflict Escalates, Second Round of Peace Talks Fails - In early June 2025, Ukraine launched a drone attack on Russian strategic bombers, resulting in the destruction of 41 bombers, which may account for 45% of Russia's active - duty strategic bombers. The second round of peace talks between Russia and Ukraine in Istanbul ended in failure, and Russia launched a large - scale air strike on Ukraine. The escalation of the Russia-Ukraine conflict has boosted the premium space in the international crude oil futures market [38][40]. Chapter 7: Net Long Positions in the International Crude Oil Market Increase Week - on - Week - Since June 2025, the international crude oil futures price has shown a stable and fluctuating trend, and the market's bullish sentiment has increased. As of June 3, 2025, the average non - commercial net long positions in WTI crude oil were 167,957 contracts, a slight week - on - week increase of 2,263 contracts, but a significant decrease of 10,254 contracts (a decline of 5.75%) compared to the May average. Meanwhile, the average net long positions in Brent crude oil futures were 155,519 contracts, a significant week - on - week increase of 7,688 contracts, and a significant increase of 19,984 contracts (an increase of 14.74%) compared to the May average [41]. Chapter 8: Summary - The global crude oil futures market has been highly volatile under the influence of geopolitical crises. Geopolitical events affect oil prices through three transmission chains, and the market's reaction to different events has time - lag differences. The impact of geopolitical turmoil on the crude oil futures market is a complex game involving multiple factors. In the short term, the market is dealing with the contradiction between supply disruption risks and weak demand, while in the medium to long term, energy transformation and pricing power reconstruction will reshape the industry [46].