高盛：石油评论-追踪伊朗相关风险

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the oil industry but discusses various price scenarios and geopolitical risks that could impact investment decisions [4]. Core Insights - The Brent oil price closed at $66.9 per barrel on June 10, with expectations of a decline to around $60 per barrel in Q4 if no supply disruptions occur [2][4]. - A geopolitical risk premium of approximately $10 per barrel is estimated, with potential spikes in Brent prices above $90 under lower supply scenarios from Iran [4]. - Oil exports from Iran remain uninterrupted, while a significant decline of 45% (or 3.3 million barrels per day) in oil flows through the Bab-El-Mandeb Strait is projected by 2025 compared to 2023 [4][16]. - The probability of US military action against Iran is estimated at 65% by July, while the likelihood of a US-Iran nuclear deal in 2025 stands at 50% [21][22]. - Global spare capacity is estimated to be around 4-5% of global demand, which could serve as a buffer against disruptions from Iran [4][32]. Oil Prices and Geopolitical Risks - The report highlights a close link between oil prices and the probability of US military action against Iran, indicating that market sentiment is currently leaning towards higher prices in the short term [6][19]. - The futures curve and implied volatility suggest that oil markets anticipate much higher prices in the coming months, while long-term outlooks remain stable [4][26][29]. Oil Flows and Shipping Costs - Oil flows through the Strait of Hormuz remain uninterrupted, but the report notes vulnerabilities in shipping routes due to potential attacks from Iran-controlled Houthis [4][13]. - Increased risks have led to a rise in oil shipping costs, particularly for Middle Eastern routes [4][44]. Refined Product Prices - Diesel margins in Europe have increased due to downside risks to exports from the Middle East, reflecting the impact of geopolitical tensions on refined product pricing [4][43].