高盛：石油巨头-2025 年展望_在不确定的宏观环境中寻求差异化增长、现金回报与韧性

Investment Rating - The report maintains a cautious view on the European Oils sector despite raising the Brent oil price assumption due to higher geopolitical risk premium [1][2]. Core Insights - The report highlights differentiated growth stories, resilient cash returns, and asset monetization optionality as key themes for the sector [1]. - It emphasizes the importance of strong balance sheets and value crystallization through disposals, with specific companies like Saudi Aramco, Equinor, Shell, and Galp noted for their financial strength [3][6]. - The report identifies potential divestment opportunities among EU Big Oils, particularly for Repsol, BP, and ENI, which could significantly impact their equity value [69][70]. Summary by Sections Commodity Price Outlook - Brent oil prices dipped to the low $60s/bbl but recovered to approximately $75/bbl, while EU gas prices saw a significant drop quarter-over-quarter [2][30]. - The report adjusts the Brent price assumption for 2H25 to $65/bbl and maintains a negative outlook on oil despite a higher long-term price forecast [31][39]. Financial Performance and Cash Returns - The sector is expected to see a 20% quarter-over-quarter decrease in operating cash flow (OCF) due to higher seasonal tax payments, with average gearing projected to increase modestly [3][64]. - EU Big Oils are projected to offer a total cash return to shareholders of 11.7% in 2025, combining a 5.4% dividend yield and 6.3% from buybacks [6][26]. Growth and Capital Expenditure - Companies like Galp and Shell are highlighted for their differentiated cash flow growth and capital expenditure flexibility, with Galp expected to see over 20% production growth from the Bacalhau start-up in 2025 [7][48]. - TotalEnergies is forecasted to have the strongest production growth among the Big Oils, exceeding 3% in 2025, while Repsol and Shell also show promising growth profiles [49][55]. Divestment Strategies - Major EU Big Oils are adopting diverse divestment strategies to streamline portfolios, focusing on high-return projects [69]. - BP is noted for its significant divestment pipeline, targeting $20 billion in disposals by 2027, while Repsol has already announced substantial asset rotations in renewables [73][76].