海外市场追踪：“减税法案”埋了哪些“雷”？

Group 1: Tax and Spending Provisions - The "Beautiful Bill" is expected to increase the deficit by $3.8 trillion over ten years due to tax cuts and spending increases[2] - The bill includes $1.44 trillion for defense spending over the next decade, with a focus on shipbuilding and missile defense[2] - Welfare spending cuts will target Medicaid, student loans, and food assistance programs, among others[2] Group 2: Debt and Deficit Impact - The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) predicts the bill will increase the deficit by $500 billion by 2026, raising the deficit-to-GDP ratio from 5.5% to 7.0%[3] - Over ten years, the total deficit increase is estimated at $2.4 trillion, potentially raising total debt by $3 trillion if interest is included[3] - If the tax cuts are made permanent, the total debt increase could reach $5 trillion, with the deficit amounting to 6.8% of GDP[3] Group 3: Legislative Challenges - The Senate and House have differing views on key provisions, particularly regarding the SALT deduction cap and Medicaid cuts[4] - The Senate version proposes a $5 trillion debt ceiling increase, compared to the House's $4 trillion[5] - There is a significant push for the Senate to finalize the bill before the July 4 deadline, despite ongoing disagreements[5] Group 4: International Tax Provisions - The bill includes the controversial 889 clause, which may impose taxes on foreign entities that engage in "unfair taxation" against U.S. companies[6] - The 889 clause aims to increase revenue by approximately $120 billion over ten years, averaging $12 billion annually[8] - The clause reflects a shift from tariffs to international tax negotiations, indicating a potential change in U.S. trade policy focus[9]