海外周报第96期：关税战下的美国抢进口：规模、区域和结构-20250703

Tariff Impact - The effective tariff rate in the U.S. rose to 7% in April, with projections of 2.3% for 2024, and specific rates of 37.5% on imports from China and 3.9% from other regions[2] - By May, the overall tariff rate further increased to 8.7%[3] Import Surge - U.S. imports exceeded historical trends by approximately $188.3 billion from December 2024 to May 2025, accounting for 68.6% of the average monthly imports in 2024[3] - Air freight imports surged to 37.1% in January-March 2025, compared to an annual average of 27.6%[4] Source Regions - Major sources of increased imports include the Eurozone, ASEAN, Taiwan, Australia, and India, contributing 11 percentage points to the 19.3% year-on-year growth in U.S. imports from January to April 2025[4] - In April, the overall import growth rate fell to 1.9%, with ASEAN, Taiwan, and India still showing strong contributions[4] Product Categories - The primary products imported include electronics, pharmaceuticals, and raw metals, which collectively contributed 18.5 percentage points to the overall import growth of 19.3% from January to April 2025[5] - In April, electronics maintained a high growth rate, contributing 4.1 percentage points to the import increase, while pharmaceuticals and raw metals saw a decline in growth rates[5]