流动性与机构行为跟踪：跨季后资金及存单价格再下台阶

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the content about the report industry investment rating. 2. Core Views of the Report - The trend of loose funds is strong, and there is no need to worry about short - term liquidity, but there may be sporadic disturbances at times such as tax payment periods [1]. - In the past week, the trading volume of trading desks was high, and the sentiment of funds to extend duration remained strong. The duration of medium - and long - term bond funds reached a new high this year, and there was a trend of extending duration in credit bonds, secondary bonds, and interest - rate bonds. In the future, the short - term market is driven by trading desks, so it is necessary to closely monitor the ebb and flow of buying in ultra - long non - active interest - rate bonds and long - term credit bonds [2]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Liquidity Tracking 3.1.1 Central Bank Operations - In the past week (6/30 - 7/4), the central bank's open - market operations resulted in a net liquidity withdrawal of 13753 billion yuan. As of 7/4, the central bank's reverse - repurchase balance was 6522 billion yuan, significantly lower than on 6/30 but still higher than the seasonal level in previous years. In the next week (7/7 - 7/11), 6522 billion yuan of reverse - repurchases will mature, with the maturity pressure distributed as Monday > Tuesday > Wednesday > Thursday > Friday [9]. - In July, a total of 1.5 trillion yuan of MLF and outright reverse - repurchases will mature, including 3000 billion yuan of MLF, 7000 billion yuan of 3 - month outright reverse - repurchases, and 5000 billion yuan of 6 - month outright reverse - repurchases [10]. 3.1.2 Government Bond Issuance - In the past week, the net payment of government bonds was 341 billion yuan, with a net payment of - 401 billion yuan for treasury bonds and 742 billion yuan for local bonds. In the next week, the expected net payment of government bonds is 2511 billion yuan, with 1399 billion yuan for treasury bonds and 1112 billion yuan for local bonds. The net payment pressure is relatively large on Monday, about 2174 billion yuan, and relatively small from Tuesday to Friday [14]. - As of 7/4, the net financing progress of treasury bonds is 53.8%, with a remaining net financing space of 3.08 trillion yuan in 2025; the issuance progress of new local bonds is 50.3%, with a remaining issuance space of 2.58 trillion yuan; the issuance progress of refinancing special bonds is 89.8%, with a remaining issuance space of 204.1 billion yuan. The supply of government bonds is slow in July, and the issuance pressure is large in August and September in the third quarter [16][18]. 3.1.3 Bill Market - In the past week, the bill interest rates showed a divergent trend. The 3 - month direct - discount and transfer - discount interest rates of state - owned and joint - stock banks increased, while the 6 - month rates decreased. Seasonally, the current bill interest rates are still significantly weaker than the seasonal level, indicating that the recovery of credit demand is still slow [24]. 3.1.4 Fund Review - After the quarter - end, funds became significantly looser. From 7/2 - 7/4, the fund sentiment index stabilized in the range of 45 - 50. Most fund interest rates declined, and the fund prices moved closer to the policy interest rates. The term and market stratifications mostly converged [26][28][29]. - In the past week, the total trading volumes of DR/R/GC were 12.10 trillion yuan, 37.99 trillion yuan, and 107.87 million lots respectively. The trading volumes of DR001/R001/GC001 were 11.64 trillion yuan, 34.05 trillion yuan, and 93.67 million lots respectively. On 7/4, the overnight trading volume ratios were 97%, 91%, and 89% respectively, all higher than on 6/27 [35]. - The net lending of the banking system was basically stable, and the net lending of large - scale banks increased. The net borrowing demand of core non - banking institutions decreased slightly. In terms of maturity, large - scale banks mainly lent overnight funds, while funds and securities firms mainly borrowed overnight funds, and insurance and other products mainly borrowed 7 - day funds [39]. 3.1.5 Inter - bank Certificates of Deposit - In the past week (6/30 - 7/6), the total issuance of certificates of deposit was 243.7 billion yuan, with a net financing of - 2.08 billion yuan. The issuance scale decreased compared with the previous week, but the net financing scale increased. By entity, the issuance scale of inter - bank certificates of deposit was ranked as joint - stock banks > state - owned banks > city commercial banks > rural commercial banks. By maturity, the weighted issuance maturity increased significantly [46]. - In the past week, the issuance prices of certificates of deposit of joint - stock banks at various maturities decreased significantly. On 7/4, the yield to maturity of 1 - year AAA certificates of deposit was 1.5929%, down 4.21bps from 6/27. In the next three weeks, 510.5 billion yuan (7/7 - 7/13), 802.8 billion yuan (7/14 - 7/20), 1076.5 billion yuan (7/21 - 7/27), and 376.7 billion yuan (7/23 - 8/3) will mature respectively. The maturity pressure is large in late July [48][52]. 3.2 Institutional Behavior Tracking 3.2.1 Secondary Transactions - The funds' demand for credit bonds is stronger than that for interest - rate bonds, and the trend of extending the duration of credit bonds is obvious [56]. 3.2.2 Institutional Duration - On 7/4, the median of the 10 - day moving average of the duration of medium - and long - term bond funds was 3.96 years, further increasing compared with 6/27 (3.91 years). The 5 - day moving average of the trading duration of urban investment bonds, secondary bonds increased, while that of industrial bonds decreased [57][61]. 3.2.3 Institutional Leverage - In the past week, the calculated bond - market leverage ratio was 107.96%, slightly higher than the previous week (107.93%), and the upward trend slowed down [63].