从对等关税到“歧视性关税”

Tariff Overview - As of May, the average tariff rate in the U.S. is 7.4%, with specific rates of 38.6% on China, 9.3% on Japan, and 6.2% on the UK[2] - The new tariffs on 14 countries will take effect on August 1, with an expected average tariff rate of 29%, only 4 percentage points lower than the initial rate of 33% set on April 2[5][10] Trade Negotiations - U.S.-Japan trade talks are at an impasse, particularly over auto tariffs, with Japan seeking to eliminate a 25% tariff[3] - The U.S. and Mexico are nearing an agreement to eliminate steel and aluminum tariffs, while negotiations with Canada are ongoing with a deadline set for July 21[3] Tariff Strategy - Trump is shifting to a "discriminatory tariff" framework, potentially grouping countries for tariff adjustments based on trade deficits and negotiation outcomes[2][4] - Approximately 100 countries with small trade surpluses with the U.S. may face a 10% tariff, while 18 countries could see tariffs ranging from 20% to 70% depending on negotiations[4] Economic Impact - The tariffs are expected to have significant effects on the U.S. economy, with concerns about rising unemployment rates projected to reach 4.4-4.6%[5] - The structural slowdown in the U.S. economy remains a concern despite recent positive non-farm payroll data[5] Risk Factors - Potential escalation of geopolitical conflicts could disrupt global economic stability and inflation control efforts[12] - A sharper-than-expected slowdown in the U.S. economy and a more hawkish stance from the Federal Reserve could impact future monetary policy[12]