“十五五”规划系列报告（三）：从今年高考看“十五五”规划

Group 1: Education Planning and Trends - The year 2025 marks the end of the "14th Five-Year" education plan and is crucial for planning the "15th Five-Year" education development, with a mission to optimize and adjust about 20% of higher education disciplines and majors[1] - During the "14th Five-Year" period, education funding has steadily increased, with gross enrollment rates in higher education reaching 60.8% by 2024, indicating significant progress in expanding coverage and improving quality[9] - The current high school entrance examination reflects the strategic direction of the "15th Five-Year" plan, showcasing three emerging trends in education[14] Group 2: Emerging Trends in Higher Education - The first trend is the expansion of undergraduate programs, with a potential increase in graduate admissions, despite a decline in the number of applicants for the first time in eight years[15] - The second trend involves optimizing university majors, with a notable increase in demand for engineering and interdisciplinary talents, as evidenced by the addition of 29 new undergraduate majors, primarily in engineering (34.5%), arts (27.6%), and medicine (13.8%)[17] - The third trend focuses on enhancing international competitiveness by expanding the "Double First-Class" initiative, which emphasizes the development of engineering and science disciplines to support technological self-reliance[27] Group 3: Risks and Challenges - There are risks related to inaccurate or incomplete data and information regarding the "15th Five-Year" plan and the "Education Strong Nation" initiative[29] - The potential for insufficient policy implementation related to the "Education Strong Nation" initiative poses a risk to achieving the outlined goals[29] - There is a risk that the direction of educational reforms during the "15th Five-Year" period may not align with expectations based on recent trends and policy documents[29]