2025年下半年宏观经济展望：经济新叙事，久久为功之

Group 1: Economic Resilience - China's GDP growth is projected to maintain around 5.2% in Q2 2025, with a target of 5% for the entire year, requiring a growth rate of 4.7-4.8% in the second half[3] - In the first half of 2025, broad fiscal spending increased significantly, with a year-on-year growth rate rising from 2.7% at the end of the previous year to 6.6%[29] - The industrial added value in May 2025 grew by 5.8% year-on-year, indicating strong performance in manufacturing despite external pressures[57] Group 2: Trade and Consumption - Trade friction with the U.S. has been managed effectively, with China's exports showing resilience, growing by 8.1% in April 2025 despite increased tariffs[14] - Consumer spending has rebounded, with retail sales in May 2025 increasing by 6.4% year-on-year, the highest growth rate since 2024[20] - The "old-for-new" policy has significantly boosted consumption, with retail sales of home appliances and communication equipment increasing by 53% and 33% respectively in May 2025[23] Group 3: Policy Support - The government plans to allocate an additional 2.9 trillion yuan in new debt for 2025, with 2.1 trillion yuan aimed at risk prevention and 0.8 trillion yuan for stimulating demand[73] - New policy financial tools are expected to be introduced, with an initial scale of 500 billion yuan to support investment in key projects[80] - The government is focusing on enhancing public investment in social welfare and infrastructure to stimulate consumption, with an estimated 31 trillion yuan in potential public investment over the next five years[100]