二季度经济数据点评：需求仍有韧性的理由

Economic Growth - In Q2, China's actual GDP grew by 5.2% year-on-year, slightly down from 5.4% in Q1, but still above 5%, laying a solid foundation for the annual growth target of 5%[3] - The nominal GDP growth in Q2 was weak at approximately 3.9%, the weakest since Q1 2023, primarily due to persistent low inflation, with the GDP deflator index down by 1.2% year-on-year[3][8] Industrial Production - Industrial production showed strength, with June's industrial added value increasing by 6.8% year-on-year, just below the peak in March[8] - The industrial capacity utilization rate fell to 74% in Q2, indicating relative overcapacity, which may be a reason for the weak nominal growth[3][8] Investment Trends - Fixed asset investment growth continued to decline, with June's year-on-year growth rate dropping to 2.8%, and construction spending turning negative[8] - Real estate investment saw a significant decline, with June's year-on-year growth rate at -12.9%, reflecting increased sales pressure and declining sales area and amount[8] Consumer Spending - Retail sales growth fell to 4.8% year-on-year in June, influenced by the earlier timing of the e-commerce "618" event and a decline in restaurant income[8] - Despite the slowdown, consumer spending is expected to have upward momentum, supported by stable employment and income growth, with disposable income and consumption expenditure both growing over 5% year-on-year in Q2[8] Structural Challenges - The report highlights three structural challenges that need policy focus: adjusting trade relations amid a changing global tariff environment, managing low inflation, and supporting the recovery of real estate prices[3][8] - Risks include increased volatility in the external economic environment and uncertainties in policy decisions regarding domestic demand stimulation[10]