关税“棋局”系列专题之二：出口视角：“战略资源”新线索

Group 1: Rare Earth Elements - Rare earth elements are crucial strategic resources, with applications in military and high-tech fields, including missile guidance and semiconductor manufacturing[14] - China dominates global rare earth production, accounting for 70% of total output, with a projected production of 270,000 tons in 2024, representing 68.5% of global supply[17] - The U.S. maintains a high dependency on Chinese rare earth imports, stabilizing around 75% despite ongoing trade tensions[17] Group 2: High Dependency Products - In 2024, the U.S. imported 98 products from China with over 90% dependency, totaling $16.25 billion, with 20 products having 100% dependency valued at $2.249 million[2] - Chemical products and mineral metals are identified as critical categories, with mineral metal dependency rising sharply from 0% in 2022 to 100% in 2024[2] - The import dependency for chemicals has increased from 28.9% in 2010 to 93.8% in 2024, highlighting their growing importance in the U.S. supply chain[5] Group 3: Strategic Value of High Dependency Products - Certain products, such as lithium battery additives and key pharmaceutical raw materials, exhibit strategic significance and are difficult to replace, with China holding a competitive advantage in production and cost[3] - Twelve chemical and metal products from China are crucial in sectors like new energy vehicles and military applications, with a total import value of $15 million, indicating potential leverage in trade negotiations[4] - The U.S. reliance on Chinese imports for chemicals has surged, with the import share rising from 34.1% in 2010 to 95.4% in 2024, underscoring the critical role of these products in the U.S. market[59]