美国经济研究：关税“博弈”：谁是主要“受害者”？

Group 1: Tariff Impact and Revenue - In Q2 2023, the U.S. collected approximately $64.4 billion in tariffs, annualizing to nearly $260 billion[2] - The current tariff rate is 10%, with some products facing a higher increase of 25%[4] - The U.S. import price index remained stable, with an average monthly growth rate of about 0% from February to May 2023[3] Group 2: Cost Burden Distribution - Historically, consumers and importers bear the brunt of tariffs due to their weaker bargaining power[3] - Japanese automobile exports to the U.S. saw a significant price drop of 18% from April to June 2023[6] - U.S. manufacturers and wholesalers are currently absorbing tariff costs, with retail prices remaining relatively stable[7] Group 3: Future Price Adjustments - Over 50% of surveyed companies plan to pass at least 50%-75% of tariff costs onto consumers[9] - Retailers, facing thin profit margins, are increasingly pressured to raise prices, with Walmart leading the charge[8] - The anticipated price increases may further strain U.S. household budgets and consumer spending, potentially leading to stagflation[9]