适用于低利率环境的债券决策框架：风险预算优先的债券策略

Group 1 - The report emphasizes a bond strategy focused on risk budgeting, particularly suitable for a low-interest-rate environment, where extending duration can amplify drawdowns [2][4][61] - The strategy involves identifying macroeconomic and inflation risks before making allocation decisions, aiming to capture signals of interest rate increases and risk aversion while minimizing volatility [2][4] - A "three-gate" control mechanism is established, which includes a commodity heat index, macro scoring based on ten indicators, and interest rate momentum, allowing participation in long-duration allocations only when all gates indicate low risk [3][4][61] Group 2 - Backtesting results show an annualized return of 4.69% with a maximum drawdown of 2.05%, effectively reducing drawdowns in years like 2013, 2016, 2020, and 2025 [4][61] - Current assessments indicate weak economic data and a downward trend in interest rates, but commodity heat indices suggest that risks have not fully dissipated, recommending patience before extending duration [5][61][72] - The report highlights that the primary risks to the bond market include fiscal and monetary policy changes, unexpected inflation, tightening liquidity, and a strong stock market [10][61] Group 3 - The report outlines a traditional decision-making logic for the bond market, emphasizing the limited space for nominal interest rates to decline further while maintaining a greater potential for increases [9][61] - It introduces a commodity futures heat index to monitor inflation expectations more effectively than traditional CPI and PPI metrics, allowing for timely adjustments in bond strategies [41][42][61] - The macroeconomic scoring model tracks ten indicators, primarily focusing on PMI, to provide a quantitative assessment of economic conditions impacting bond markets [12][22][61] Group 4 - The report discusses the performance of a momentum-driven strategy, which adjusts bond allocations based on the relative position of the ten-year treasury yield to its moving average, allowing for quick responses to interest rate trends [31][34][61] - A weekly strategy is preferred to reduce trading costs and improve robustness, with historical performance indicating effectiveness in managing risks and returns [37][61] - The overall strategy aims to balance yield enhancement with risk control, particularly in the context of a low-interest-rate environment and potential market corrections [61][72]